Energy Management Systems: Optimized Distribution and Switching Techniques Using Converter-Level IGBTs in Multi-Source Renewable Energy
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Abstract
This paper presents a simulation-based Energy Management System (EMS) for a hybrid renewable microgrid integrating photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, a battery storage system, and a fuel cell. The system is modeled entirely in MATLAB/Simulink and aims to optimize source utilization, ensure reliability, and reduce reliance on auxiliary sources. The EMS prioritizes solar and wind power through Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques, manages battery charging and discharging via a state-of-charge controller, and activates the fuel cell as a reserve during renewable shortfalls. Power electronic converters equipped with Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) are used to interface all sources, with switching governed by high-frequency PWM signals. Simulation results demonstrate stable operation under variable load and resource conditions, highlighting the EMS’s ability to balance supply and demand effectively. The proposed framework provides a scalable basis for future experimental validation and deployment of multi-source renewable microgrids.
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