Hardware-in-the-Loop Implementation of the Hybrid FPA-P&O Approach for Optimizing Photovoltaic Systems under Partial Shading Conditions
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Abstract
Efficient solar panel power generation is crucial for sustainable energy systems, particularly as PV systems are often installed near urban areas where shadows from buildings and trees can cause fluctuations in power output. Hence, it is essential to employ Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) to consistently ascertain the MPP of the PV module in real-time, irrespective of the weather conditions. The present paper aims to propose a hybrid Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique that uses the Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) and Perturb and Observe (P&O) methods, applied to photovoltaic systems under partial shading conditions PSCs. The photovoltaic system was implemented using a Hardware-in-loop (HIL) setup. The proposed MPPT technique is compared with the classical P&O and standard FPA. In addition, the proposed algorithm gives 99 % tracking efficiency under various shading patterns. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is overall superior compared to other methods in terms of statistical analysis and tracking time and almost zero oscillation near GMMP. These results underscore the significant potential of the P&O-FPA algorithm to enhance photovoltaic performance, particularly in situations where partial shading conditions.
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